It is necessary for large listed companies in different countries to Assignment

It is fundamental for huge recorded organizations in various nations to get ready budget reports utilizing uniform bookkeeping stand - Assignment Example Monetary bookkeeping and administrative bookkeeping manage the arrangement of bookkeeping reports that give data to dynamic. Money related bookkeeping manages the planning of budget reports, for example, the asset reports and the benefit and misfortune accounts. These are uncovered to both interior and outer clients. The inward clients incorporate the administration and representatives. The board bookkeeping manages the readiness of records that are utilized inside by the board for dynamic. Money related bookkeeping proclamations are dependent upon the investigation of untouchables; likely speculators, monetary establishments and financial experts contrasted with administrative records that are utilized inside by the executives (Ramanna and Sletten, 2009). Money related records give data on the budgetary position and position of the business though the board accounts give data to arranging, financial plans and controls for the executives dynamic. This clarifies why money related reco rds need to observe certain gauges contrasted with administrative records. Because of globalization, nations need to communicate in a similar language universally with the goal that the records created can be comprehended and improve financial specialist certainty paying little heed to the nation concerned. This paper decides to clarify what IFRS is, the contentions for and against utilizing uniform bookkeeping principles in the planning of fiscal summaries and the adaptability of the arrangement of the executives bookkeeping reports (Caroline, 2010). History of International Financial Reporting Standards The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was framed to advance the selection of the IFRS so that there is overall consistency in monetary announcing paying little mind to where the association was found. The International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) was framed in 1973 to plan norms that would be utilized by littler countries in making their own inside bookkeepi ng guidelines. This was prevailing by the IASB in 2001. GAAP is a fitting instrument for monetary announcing where associations work inside a country’s outskirts with reason. With globalization an organization may think that its hard to look at its budget summaries utilizing its GAAP without damaging the GAAP of another. IFRS were created because of the development of worldwide markets and the craving by multinationals and associations to have one regular arrangement of fiscal reports that can be seen universally. The IASB was ordered to grow excellent bookkeeping gauges that would lessen the expense of working together, increment productivity and give data to likely speculators. As of now, there are more than 100 nations that have received the IFRS. There are numerous nations that are supplanting the neighborhood gauges with IFRS, for example, the US (Armstrong, Barth, Jagolinzer, and Riedl, 2010). Advantages of International Financial Reporting Standards There is more notew orthy equivalence of budget summaries. Organizations from various nations can without much of a stretch look at their records. Utilizing various standards in the readiness would not be conceivable and useful for venture. The announcements can be analyzed in all the budgetary markets immaterial of where they were readied. Fiscal reports arranged utilizing IFRS are progressively adaptable as they are guideline based contrasted with nearby bookkeeping stan

Indians and the Westward movement essays

Indians and the Westward development papers The white individuals had now discovered our Country. The transportation issues confronting the country were as tremendous as the nation itself. Just a couple of streets for mentors and wagons extended between the states. Mentors and wagons likewise moved gradually, gradually. The 260-mile venture from New York to Boston, for instance, took 39 hours by stagecoach. The main different approaches to travel or move products were by little vessels, riding a horse or by walking. Slow, exorbitant vehicle was terrible for business. It could separate Americans in a single district from those in another. Let us tie the Republic along with an ideal arrangement of streets and trenches. Let us overcome space, John Calhoun said. States started to assume the test of building streets and channels. This transportation transformation hugy affected the regular day to day existence of Americans bringing about clashes with the Indians. The best, and generally brave, improvement of this period was the Erie Canal. The achievement of the Erie Canal opened the upper Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes area to settlement. A great many workers went into Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. Homestead items from this district streamed eastbound and their populace developed. Taken care of by the West, easterners could focus on exchange and assembling. Thusly, the westerners purchased the producers merchandise of the East. The achievement of the Erie Canal empowered more trench buildig in different pieces of the nation. It helped Americans push west looking for new grounds to cultivate; American triumphs during the war of 1812 had likewise squashed most Indian obstruction east of the Mississippi. What's more, there was a feeling of certainty and anxiety noticeable all around. Individuals were moving just to be progressing. Prior to this time, the lifestyle was altogether different. The approaches on transportation came additionally with arrangements on monetary turn of events. Before these approaches people created everything ... <!

Blog Archive Mission Admission Apply Now or Later

Blog Archive Mission Admission Apply Now or Later Mission Admission is a series of MBA admission tips; a new one is posted each Tuesday. As more and more candidates have asked us about the competitiveness of the upcoming admissions season, we have been pretty consistent with our advice. Although it is quite likely that application volumes will continue to surge, we remain “economically agnostic”. We suggest that candidates ignore external economic events and apply when the time is right for them, professionally and personally. After all, professional economists constantly disagree about the state of the economy and its path forward. Can we really say with certainty that the economy will “bottom-out” this year and that we will therefore see a peak in application volume this year? If the economy is in even rougher shape one year from now, should candidates wait an additional year after that? How long can forces that are out of your control prolong your quest for an MBA? We find that most candidates who are contemplating putting off their applications are not just concerned about the competitiveness of the application pool, but are also worried about the deteriorating job situation on campus.   Obviously, it is challenging to predict what the fulltime job situation will be like for candidates who are applying now and will be graduating in the spring of 2011.   While we would never ignore the importance of that first post-MBA job, we feel that many candidates focus exclusively on the short term rewards of the MBA and fail to consider the long-term value. With a long term view, (wherein candidates gain an enduring and transferable skill set) pursuing an MBA at the right time personally and professionally, regardless of external circumstances, is still a compelling proposition. Share ThisTweet Blogroll Mission Admission

Nora Helmer and Women in American Literature - 2063 Words

Women were valued very little by nineteenth century society. The treatment of these women was also extremely negative; they were expected to stay home and fulfill domestic duties. Literature of this time embodies and mirrors social issues of women in society. Henrik Ibsen uses Nora Helmer in A Doll House to portray the negative treatment of all women throughout society during the nineteenth century. Many women characters throughout American literature reflect the same conflicts and attitudes of Nora in Ibsen s play A Doll House. br brThe role of a woman was inferior to that of a man, especially in marriages. The main duties of a woman were centered around the home. They were expected to fulfill their domestic duties, such as caring†¦show more content†¦Miss Lawrence, you don t know men (Gilman 511). Mr. Beazley also tells Mrs. Beazley what do you women know about business, anyway! You just tell him you re perfectly willing and under no compulsion, and sign the paper..., which reiterates the fact that men dominated most economic issues (Gilman506). br brSociety s general attitude towards a woman was that her place in society was to be controlled or dominated by a male figure. It was thought that someone had to be on top and the men were the ones called to this leadership. Men felt that it was their duty and obligation to be socially dominating over women. br brIn A Doll House Torvald is very dominating over his wife, Nora. He controlled her as if she were his own personal property; Nora had to dress a certain way to satisfy her husband, and she also is forbidden by Torvald to eat macaroons. As he shakes his finger at her, Torvald asks, My sweet tooth really didn t make a little detour through the confectioner s (Ibsen 785). br brIt is implied that in Elizabeth Stuart Phelp s The Angel Over the Right Shoulder, the wife is also somewhat controlled by her husband. Mrs. James complains that because of her overload of domestic responsibilities, she never has any free time to herself. Mr. James, her husband, then replies, ...make up your mind to let the work which is not done, go undone, if it must. Spend this time on just those things which will be most profitable to yourself. I shall bindShow MoreRelated Nora Helmer And Women In American Literature Essay1939 Words   |  8 Pages Women were valued very little by nineteenth century society. The treatment of these women was also extremely negative; they were expected to stay home and fulfill domestic duties. Literature of this time embodies and mirrors social issues of women in society. Henrik Ibsen uses Nora Helmer in A Doll House to portray the negative treatment of all women throughout society during the nineteenth century. Many women characters throughout A merican literature reflect the same conflicts and attitudes ofRead More Comparing Edna of Kate Chopins The Awakening and Nora of Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House 1038 Words   |  5 PagesEdna of Kate Chopins The Awakening and Nora of Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Kate Chopins work, The Awakening, and Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, were written at a time when men dominated women in every aspect of life.   Edna Pontellier, the protagonist in The Awakening, and Nora, the protagonist in A Dolls House, are trapped in a world dominated by men.   The assumed superiority of their husbands traps them in their households.   Edna and Nora share many similarities, yet differ fromRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1135 Words   |  5 Pagestwo protagonists named Nora Helmer and Edna Pontillier depict feminist ideals during the Victorian era in their struggle for independence, both sexually and emotionally. Nora and Edna are feminists in the late 1800s, trapped in an era and a society dictated by men. Both works parallel together and are significant because they show how Edna and Nora awaken, as their roles and self-realization progress in their respective families. Edna and Nora are emblematic of many women of this era whose rolesRead MoreThe Power of Relationship in Hemingways Cat in the Rain and Ibsens A Dolls House651 Words   |  3 PagesIn A Dolls House, for example, Nora Helmer acts on her own volition to help her husband. Her desire to act independently is subsumed by the patriarchal norms to which her husband and her friends like Christine Linde ascribe. The relationship between Nora and Torvald could potentially result in Noras self-implosion but instead, Nora chooses to extricate herself from the negative situation. Her leaving her husband represents the symbolic liberation of all women from the subjugation of patriarchyRead More The Feminist Movement in A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay examples1644 Words   |  7 PagesDolls House, the character of Nora Helmer goes through the dramatic transformation of a kind and loving housewife, to a desperate and bewildered woman, whom will ultimately leave her husband and everything she has known. Ibsen uses both the characters of Torvald and Nora to represen t the tones and beliefs of 19th century society. By doing this, Ibsen effectively creates a dramatic argument that continues to this day; that of feminism. We are introduced in Act I with Nora returning from Christmas shoppingRead MoreHenrik Ibsens A Dolls House1529 Words   |  7 PagesNora and Christina Switch Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House questions the gender roles of women in society through its characters, namely Nora Helmer and Christina Linden, before and after marriage. What are gender roles exactly? Gender roles are the combination is specific gender stereotypes that consist of the perceptions of the society of what an ideal male/female should act like (Lindsey and Christy). This paper aims to question whether the gender roles of Nora Helmer and Christina Linden of HenrikRead More Gender Stereotypes in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Susan Glaspells Trifles 1836 Words   |  8 PagesTorvald Helmer treats his wife, Nora, and in the way Nora acts to please her husband. These include the beliefs that women are lesser people, childlike in their actions and in need of being controlled. Nora knows as long as she acts in accordance with the way she is expected, she will get what she wants from Torvald. The stereotypes and assumptions made in Trifles are those of the women being concerned o nly with trifling things, that they are loyal to the feminine gender, and that women are subservientRead MoreComparison essay -- Trifles and A Dolls House1460 Words   |  6 PagesTimes Call For Desperate Change People are capable of doing crazy things! Nora, in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, loved her husband so much that she committed forgery just for the sake of his wellbeing. Susan Glaspell’s character in Trifles, Mrs. Wright, murders her husband after she discovers that he killed the one most precious thing to her, her pet bird. It was out of love that these women committed illegal crimes. 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Marketing Strategy Report for NEXT PLC - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2283 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Level High school Did you like this example? Marketing Strategy Report for NEXT PLC 1. Introduction In the following report the marketing strategies of Next PLC, a British based clothing and home products retailer will be researched and analysed before recommendations for possible improvements are provided. This report will analyse the company marketing strategy by assessing the marketing mix or the 4 Ps of product, price, place, and promotion as well as the environment in which the company operates. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Marketing Strategy Report for NEXT PLC" essay for you Create order Once this is completed, an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the strategy will be conducted followed by recommendations on future strategy to ensure further growth. The Next brand was established in 1982 and now has over 500 stores in the UK while also operating internationally with over 180 overseas stores (Financial Times, 2015). Additional sales channels were added with the launch of Next Directory in 1988 before expanding to include online shopping in 1999 (Next PLC, 2015). This points to an early implementation of a multi-channel retailing strategy which has been a key factor in their growth and success, and they have established themselves as the most advanced multi-channel retailer in the country (Mintel, 2013). The main target market for Next has long been the middle class in 25-45 age range for both genders interested in mainstream fashion, although there may be a slight increased focus on womens fashion continuing on from the brands early strategy (Next PLC, 2015). The needs of customers are ever-changing and retailers such as Next must ensure their marketing and sales strategies are appropriate to the needs of the market (Chaffey and Ellis-Chadwick, 2012). 2. Market Evaluation The market is the location where merchandise can be bought and sold while marketing is the process of identifying target markets and setting strategies for product development, pricing, promotion and distribution (Armstrong et al, 2012). Therefore, to effectively analyse the companys marketing strategy it is important to understand the state of the current environment of the intended target market. The current economic climate has improved in recent years following the downturn of 2008, however, it is still fresh in the memory of consumers and conservative spending habits will remain for some time. However, despite constraints on disposable income, clothing purchases continued to be the preferred choice for excess income for consumers prioritising spending. This saw market growth throughout the year with sales increasing by 4.5% bringing annual consumer spend on clothing and accessories to  £49.8 billion in 2013 (Mintel, 2013). This is due to consumer confidence increasing throughout 2013 as the economy recovered and consumers feeling more financially stable (Elliot, 2013). Since its launch, Next has established itself at the top of the UK clothing market and accounted for 7.2% of all clothing retail sales in 2012, making them the second largest clothing retailer in the UK (Mintel, 2013). Following this success, they surpassed main competitor Marks Spencer and forecast higher annual profits for the first time (Ruddick, 2014). In a growing market that is in a strong position, Next is in a healthy position due to successful a Christmas period and superior sales and marketing strategies. 3. Marketing Strategy Analysis The marketing mix is a tool that can be used to easily prepare, on in this case, assess a marketing strategy and it consists of 4 Ps which are product, price, place, and promotion. Product and price relate to the product or service itself, whereas place and promotion relate to how the companys offering is delivered and made available to the consumer (Pride and Ferrell, 2012). Product This is what the business offers to customers to meet their needs or requirements. As mentioned, Nexts product is primarily mainstream fashion targeting the middle class of both genders in the 25-45 age range. As per the mission statement, the focus is to ensure high quality and fashionable designs for the customer (Next PLC, 2015). This also applies to the other departments and their focus on quality has been a major factor in their establishment as a brand and recent success in growth and gaining ground on competitors. Price This relates to the pricing strategy employed by the company and has a major impact on the whole strategy. As a result, pricing must be carefully considered to ensure it is in line with the customer expectations and perception of quality as well as the companys intended targets and branding. Nexts pricing strategy, just like the target market, occupies a middle ground that is neither market skimming nor penetration pricing. Rather, it occupies a neutral zone and portrays the image of quality and design at a suitable price for the target consumer. Penetration pricing is often used by new start ups seeking to gain sales and spread awareness by undercutting competitors, whereas skimming has the same target but aims to beat the competition through higher prices that imply better quality (Pride and Ferrell, 2012). While Next may have used such tactics in the past, it now has an established brand and more neutral pricing strategy. Being a mid-market retailer, this current neutral pricing strategy offers their established customer base continuity and familiarity as they know what to expect and helps to maintain the customers perception of quality. It also offers Next flexibility in pricing for promotional or seasonal purposes and allows the retailer to remain competitive across all its sales channels. Place This refers to the strategy put in place to allow the product to be put in front of or made available to the customer in a way which is appropriate and convenient. Next runs a clear multi-channel retailing strategy with various avenues whereby a customer can browse and purchase products. Next now has over 500 stores throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland (Next PLC, 2015) and this was the original channel the brand was built on and remains a crucial part of their strategy. Having several stores around the country allows Next to cast their net wide as well as increase convenience for the customers and enable the most important part of clothes shopping, the ability to touch and try them on (Spies et al, 1997). Stores add the human element to the company through sales advisors, customer service, and general shopping experience. A positive experience shopping in stores can turn an occasional shopper to a loyal customer (Shaw, 2013). Nexts other channels include the directory, a catalogue through which customer can order and receive their purchase by post, and the online channels through the website, mobile app and social media which allow Next to sell products as well as maintain communication with customers. These channels offer more choice to the consumer and allow Next to market their products more effectively to a larger target market. Ordering by catalogue or online gives the customer more options on how to shop and with fast turnaround from order to delivery it will suit customers with busy lifestyles (Cherry, 2008). The development and acceptance of new technology such as the internet and the smartphone has made these additional sales channel essential to meet the expectations of customers (Baker and Hart, 2007). Lifestyle changes have lead to changes in how customers wish to shop (Watson, 2012) and the busier social and working lives of potential customers means there is a greater need and demand for convenience (Weiss, 2009). Promotion This refers to the methods employed by the company to provide information and make potential customers aware of its products (Bates, 2012). Nexts promotion through advertising has been limited in recent years and often more focused on smaller campaigns, rather than large-scale advertising conducted by retailers such as John Lewis who are known for their television adverts. Nexts promotions appear to have shifted to focus online with communication, advertising and promotional offers all displayed on the official website. However, the online strategy is not solely reliant on their website and the increasing use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter has attracted much attention from the retailing world (Forbes and Vespoli, 2013). Next has fully utilised the potential social media offers with regular updates on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and photo sharing sites such as Instagram. By promoting offers and advertising their products to the millions of followers on their pages, often through the use of celebrities sporting their products, Next has bolstered its sales, profits and growth substantially. 4. Assessment The main strength for Next and their marketing strategy is their established brand, as evidenced by their recent successes. This means brand awareness is already present and their clear design philosophy that is both fashionable and affordable has allowed them to build a customer base of loyal, regular customers. This combined with their use of a multi-channel retailing strategy and effective utilisation of online sales and promotion has allowed them to gain a firm foothold at the top of the UK clothing market. Their products and pricing strategy is effective at targeting their target market and is current with the trends and needs of the customers. Next ensures it stays current with market requirements due to constant communication with customers through its multi-channel system while also providing more choice to the customer and ensuring customer loyalty (Loftus et al, 2008). Customers who use multiple channels are also more likely to spend more than those that dont (Shankar Winer, 2005) and this can only benefit Nexts accounts. A possible weakness in Nexts strategy is that while a target market is established and targeted effectively, the target market itself is rather broad. The customer specification covers a large age range in the middle market of the middle class. This can be seen as quite vague and can make it difficult to design, produce, and price products without a clear customer specification (Keillor, 2007). This may also explain another possible weakness, the lack of clear celebrity ambassador. With no clear customer image in mind, the company cannot recruit a well known individual to model and promote their products to the appropriate target market who seek to replicate the celebrity. 5. Recommendations With the rise of online shopping, most opportunities for Next will revolve around optimising and expanding their service to suit digital marketing. Next could use the data gathered through its multiple channels and social media to optimise store space to ensure that displayed products are those which are most popular, whilst the less-purchased items are saved for their online sites that require lower running costs. This will allow the store space to be optimised and used more efficiently, with less clutter and more in-demand items the stores will be more cost effective and should have a positive reaction from customers who find the items they seek to be clearly displayed, in stock and available in store. As mentioned in the assessment, Next may benefit from narrowing their target market to be more precise in their target customer specification. With a clearer target in mind, products can be produced that are more appropriate for the customer and this should result in an improvement in efficiency and profitability. It will also benefit the companys branding and promotions as they can recruit a brand ambassador that the target customer can relate to and seek to replicate (Lamb et al, 2010). While Next already has a large and successful online presence, these changes could allow them to better target their online demographic with appropriate imagery, advertisements and promotions which will help in strengthening their brand image, increasing sales, and attracting new customers. 6. Conclusion Next holds a strong market position in a marketplace that is steady and shows growth. Their marketing strategy has been consistent since its launch, targeting the same target market with quality, fashionable products at a reasonable price. Having always been an ambassador for positive change, embracing new sales channels and technologies, Next now has an established brand and customer base which shows the success of its marketing strategy. However, there is always room for improvement and while their current strategy has served them well, it can benefit from some optimisation that should ensure they remain at the top of the clothing market and remain ahead of competition that may threaten their position through more precise marketing strategies. 7. Bibliography Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R. (2012). Marketing: An introduction (Second Edition). Boston, Mass: Pearson. Baker, M. and Hart, S. (2007). The Marketing Book (Sixth Edition). Abingdon: Routledge. Bates, S. (2012). Brand recognitionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ what do people say about you? Leader to Leader, 2012(65), 27-32. Chaffey, D. and Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2012). Internet Marketing: Strategy, Implementation and Practice (Fifth Edition). Cambridge: Pearson Education. Cherry, R. (2008). Catalog: The illustrated history of mail-order shopping. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Elliot, L. (2013). Consumer confidence edges up as triple-dip recession fears recede. The Guardian. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/may/31/consumer-confidence-edges-up Financial Times (2015). Next PLC Business Profile. Financial Times. Available: https://markets.ft.com/research/Markets/Tearsheets/Business-profile?s=NXT:LSE Forbes, L. P. and Vespoli, E. M. (2013). Does social media influence consumer buying behavior?: An investigation of recommendations and purchases. Journal of Business Economics Research, 11(2), 107-111. Keillor, B. D. (2007). Marketing in the 21st Century. West Port, CT: Praeger. Lamb, C.W., Hair, J. F. and McDaniel, C. (2010), Essentials of Marketing. Boston: Cengage Learning. Loftus, B., Mulliken, J. and Sharp, J. (2008) The Multichannel Imperative. Boston: Boston Consulting Group. Mintel. (2013). Clothing Retailing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"UK October 2013-Next Group. London: Mintel International. Next PLC (2015) Our History. Next PLC. Available: https://www.nextplc.co.uk/about-next/our-history.aspx Pride, W. M. and Ferrell, O. C. (2012). Marketing. Boston: Cengage Learning Ruddick. G. (2014) Next Profits to Overtake Marks Spencer after Christmas Sale Surge, The Telegraph. Available: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10548020/Next-profits-to-overtake-Marks-and-Spencer-after-Christmas-sales-surge.html Shankar, V. and Winer, R. S. (2005). Interactive Marketing goes Multi-Channel. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 19(2), 2-3. Shaw, J. (2013). Shopping (First Edition). Cambridge: Polity Press. Spies, K., Hesse, F., and Loesch, K. (1997). Store atmosphere, mood and purchasing behavior. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 14(1), 1-17. Watson, T. J. (2012). Sociology, Work and Organisation (6th ed). Abingdon: Routledge. Weiss, Y. (2009). Work and leisure: A history of ideas. Journal of Labor Economics, 27(1), 1-20.

The Ups And The Downs Bipolar Disorder - 2236 Words

The Ups and the Downs: Bipolar Disorder Typically, a person experiences a spectrum of emotions both negative and positive, but they stay within a normal range. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that describes when a person has â€Å"extreme mood swings†¦ which typically shift between the heights of elation to the depths of depression.† (Nevid, Rathus, and Greene, 2013) Generally, a person suffering from Bipolar disorder will experience spurts of elation, or happiness, this is usually called the â€Å"manic period.† On the other hand, the person will also incur periods of depression, sometimes as severe as committing suicide. Bipolar disorder is categorized in two groups: Bipolar I and Bipolar II. The difference is whether or not the person manic episodes. For Bipolar II, a person must have a hypomanic episode which is a manic episode that is less intense and lasts for a shorter period of time. The bipolar spectrum consists of four main forms: bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorde r, and bipolar disorder that cannot be classified. Bipolar I disorder requires a person to have at least one manic episode lasting seven days or more as well as depressive episodes that outnumber the manic episodes three to one. Bipolar II disorder is often misdiagnosed as unipolar depression because the person experiences hypomanic episodes that are less severe and shorter than regular manic episodes. The depressive episodes outnumber the hypomanic forty to one. Cyclothymic disorderShow MoreRelatedBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment854 Words   |  4 Pagesperformance at work or school or a recent break up. These feelings also can be brought about by a serious medical condition known as bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is when a person suffers from severe shifts in mood and energy. 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Approaches to Curriculum Design free essay sample

The common approaches to curriculum design include child or learner-centered, subject-centered and problem-centered approaches. Child or Learner-Centered Approach Child or Learner-centered approach places the child at the center of education. It begins with understanding the educational contexts from which a child comes. It continues with the teacher evaluating the childs progress towards learning objectives. The curriculum is constructed based on the needs, interest, purposes and abilities of the learners. Teachers attempt to maximize student productivity, knowledge acquisition, skills augmentation and development of personal and professional abilities. Teachers may use a variety of instructional tools and methods, as well as flexible arrangements of time and place. This design considers the following: 1. A new respect for the child is fundamental. 2. A new freedom of action is provided. 3. The whole activity is divided into units of work. 4. The recognition of the need for using and exploring many media for self-discovery and self-direction is embraced. We will write a custom essay sample on Approaches to Curriculum Design or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Subject-centered Approach This approach prescribes different and separate subjects into one broad field. The characteristics of the subject-matter, and the procedures, conceptual structures or relationships which are found within or among the subject-matter, dictate the kinds of activities that will be selected. Curriculum makers who are developing a curriculum organized around a given subject-area; will look at the facts, concepts, and skills related to, or encompassed by, that subject area, and plan activities that will lead learners from their prior experiences into mastery of the elements of the subject area. This approach considers the following: ?The primary focus is the subject matter. ?The emphasis is on bits and pieces of information which are detached from life. ?The continuing pursuit of learning outside the school is not emphasized. Learning should only take place inside the classroom. ?The subject matter serves as a means of identifying problems in living. Problem-centered Approach The world where the learners live and will work in will require them to gather, organize, and interpret data in the process of finding solutions to complex problems. It would seem only logical to provide a classroom setting where they will face similar issues. In the real world, the problems they face will not be ones for which they are selecting answers from a set of multiple choices. This approach assumes that in the process of living, children experience problems. Thus, problem solving enables the learners to become increasingly able to achieve complete or total development as individuals. This approach is characterized by the following views and beliefs: ?The learners are capable of directing and guiding themselves in resolving problems, thus they become independent learners. ?The learners are prepared to assume their civic responsibilities through direct participation in different activities. ?The curriculum leads the learners in the recognition of concerns and problems and in seeking solutions. The learners are considered problem solvers.

The Gift of Speaking in Tongues

An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essays

An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essays An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essay An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essay Peninsula Harbour is located near the northern incline of Lake Superior. It stretches around four kilometres inwards and spans about 100 km2. It is known for its pristine beaches and boosting countries. Although no town sits straight on the Peninsula Harbour, it is located near the Town of Marathon, in the territory of Thunder Bay. The town is about the median between the metropolis of Thunder Bay and Sault Ste. Marie. The metropolis is one of the Michigans along the Canadian Pacific Railway. Peninsula Harbour was one time occupied by the First Nation tribes that controlled Northern Ontario. It was foremost explored by Etienne Brule who led the manner for Gallic adventurers. The country was used to a great extent for fur trade and brought in tonss of bargainers. After the colony of the Europeans, it became a beltway between Western Canada and in-migration into Eastern Canada. It became portion of the Thunder Bay District after the formation of the state of Ont ario. Thunder Bay District is presently both a provincial and federal county territory. The history of the Town of Marathon much affects the Peninsula Harbour of today. It changed its name several times, get downing with Peninsula to Everest and so eventually to its current name Marathon. The metropolis is home to around 4000 people and 1000s of visitants every twelvemonth. The town and part was built upon a mush factory owned by Marathon Corporation of Wisconsin which the town was named after. While the factory helped the economic system enormously, it introduced chemicals used in the pulping procedure that were unsafe to the environment. After the prostration of the mush industry, gold was found around the town and operations began. The gold excavation procedure began and different wastes were introduced into the H2O. The Peninsula Harbour suffers from many environmental issues caused by its historical carelessness. Most are caused by its big sum of contaminated deposits. Thingss like wood fiber from the mush Millss contaminate the deposit and degrade lake-bottom communities because of waste. Besides, chemicals that were banned from waterways like PBC and quicksilver are still found in the deposit of the Peninsula Harbour. B ) Describe some of the current preservation, protection enterprises and/or ordinances that are in topographic point to protect your AOC Many alleviation enterprises by different groups are assisting to salvage the wildlife and ecosystem in the Peninsula Harbour. Governmental organisations like Environmental Canada and the Province of Canada have joined together to go through the Remedial Action Plan. The program calls for unequivocal actions to forestall ecosystem devastation. Environmental Canada is besides implementing sediment direction schemes in the Peninsula Harbour and other Areas of Concern to assist protect the ecosystems. Another group, the Great Lakes Commission, compromised of 8 provinces which have boundary lines around the Great Lakes. The committee seeks to recommend and inform people about the jobs of the Great Lakes. Many Non-Governmental Organizations are besides assisting the Peninsula Harbour. One outstanding illustration is Bird Studies Canada. Their mission is increase the cognition of the citizen s apprehension of the issues impacting the Great Lakes. They produce annuals studies that detail the Areas of Concern around the Great Lakes. Another group, the Eco Superior Environmental Program is a non-profit group of persons that supports plans and enterprises to cut down different chemicals and prevent environmental harm to the Thunder Bay part of Lake Superior. II. Ecology a ) Description of current aquatic life and tellurian including any illustrations of nutrient ironss and nutrient webs. Peninsula Harbour is home to a choice few species of amphibious vehicles, birds, and fishes. Even though Lake Superior has a big sum of H2O, it is non extremely populated because of dirt conditions and inferior clime conditions. Of the vegetations and zoologies that do populate at that place, they have high opposition to the deepness and deficiency of heat in the lake. Peninsula Harbour contains many of the animate beings that travel freely between different Areas of Concern and the Harbour itself. For that ground, general animate beings found in Lake Superior will be included every bit good as specific illustrations. The aquatic life in Peninsula Harbour is really active with fish and workss. Over 70 species of fish live in and around the country. Most of those fish are adapted to cold conditions like trout, lake whitefish, lake sturgeon, and smallmouth bass. They eat insects populating in and around the H2O. The insects eat workss which are found in the tellurian and aquatic ecosystem. The fish besides eat crustaceans like spiny lobster. The crustaceans feed upon plankton, which are little beings in the H2O. Plants that exist in the Peninsula Harbour include Muskgrass, Coontail, Waterweed, and Water Stargrass. Depending on the season, workss like Wild Celery can besides be found along the shores. The top carnivores in most of the nutrient ironss are the sea lamper eel and the fen birds. The decomposers include sea snails and bacteriums found in the H2O. The tellurian ecosystem is really different from its aquatic opposite number. While most of Peninsula Harbour s Area of Concern lies in Lake Superior, the shoreline and land beside the preservation country is really of import to the aquatic ecosystem. They are linked in many ways through the animate beings that travel through both ecosystems. The tellurian life in Peninsula Harbour is many ba sed upon land animate beings that have dealingss to the aquatic environment. Examples most common include toads, fen birds, and insects. Marsh Birds like the coot and the common snipe provender upon by and large little fish like a turning trout. The insects populating in the ecosystem tend to feed upon the workss in the country. The toads are eat the insects, nevertheless non many animate beings eat the toad, because of its versatility in land and H2O. B ) Describe two of the undermentioned facets of your country: fishing and dirt quality. Fishing and the dirt quality in Marathon and the Peninsula Harbour is really of import and extremely related together. Marathon has much of its industries based non merely on the natural resources of forestry and gold-mining, but besides on fishing. Fishing is of import because it plays a function in both the fishing Industry but besides touristry. The fish is both sold to consumers but the touristry of the country brings tonss of people. The most normally fished is the trout, which is the most abundant. However, because of assorted grounds, the entire stocks in fish have dropped. Environmentalists and environmentalists have worked with local and provincial authoritiess to put quotas and prohibitions on fishing. However, touristry fishing is still allowed. The dirt quality affects the fish really much because of the affiliated ecosystem ironss. The dirt provides foods to the workss which are so e aten up the nutrient concatenation until they reach the fish. The dirt quality is really low compared to ordinary dirt. It is filled with chemicals from ore-mining and dusts like wood fiber from the pulping factory. Besides, polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) is really concentrated in the dirt because of harmful waste direction patterns. It went into the dirt and waste like sewerage where besides dumped without intervention. These are one of the major factors into its integrating into the Area of Concerns plan which helps cover with these jobs. degree Celsius ) Aquatic and tellurian beings that are endangered, threatened and nonextant Despite preservation attempts to seek and assist different species in Peninsula Harbour combat increasing toxins and non-native species, many animate beings and workss are going endangered, threatened, although none have been declared nonextant. Nationally, there are three aquatic species classified as endangered, six classified as threatened, and five as vulnerable. Another 400 species are recognized by local or provincial authoritiess as species of particular concern. Surprisingly, about 300 of them are workss. Different types of aquatic animate beings such as fish and molluscs have been most vulnerable to extinction. Mollusks such as lake musca volitans and eastern pondmussels have had their home grounds taken over by invasive species. Fish like lake sturgeon, redside Leuciscus leuciscus, and northern madtom have had their population diminution dramatically. Many tellurian animate beings ar e besides endangered or threatened. The most outstanding illustrations are the marsh birds that live on the fish and molluscs. As their population diminutions, the fen birds are besides affected. Besides, because of bioamplification, the marsh birds like Peregrine falcon and short-eared bird of Minerva, which are on the top of the nutrient concatenation, have the most toxins in them. Besides, another set of endangered species are the workss. As antecedently mentioned, out of the 400 species considered to be of particular concern, over A? of them are workss. Plants like the longleaf arnica and rose-colored cats foots have faced tough environments for turning because of dirt degrading through improper patterns like junking. vitamin D ) List of any known invasive species and the consequence on the ecosystem Many non-native species have had profound impacts on the current conditions of Lake Superior and Peninsula Harbour in peculiar. They come in through different ways like ballast disc harge and cultivation. When they are introduced, the nutrient web and concatenation alterations dramatically because the new alien coinage has no natural marauder in the entered ecosystem. Endangering species like the sea lamper eel have been introduced through the canals the connected the Great Lakes together. They are aggressive marauders, eating about all types of fish including lake sturgeon and trout. Due to them, the sum of fish being captured dropped over 50 % over the old ages. Other invasive species include the zebra mussel and the unit of ammunition gudgeon. Both species have highly high birth rates and spread out sharply. Zebra Mussels take nutrient and foods that little fish demand and eat it ; besides, they fill up about every solid bedrock infinite available. They have wiped out the bing mussels with their enlargement. The unit of ammunition gudgeon is a little fish that eats eggs of fishes and moves into environments that are suited for fish-growing. They remove the o ld fish and expand quickly. III. Chemistry a ) Describe any info on the quality of H2O in your country and explicate the assorted types of chemical trials that may be performed to prove H2O quality. Peninsula Harbour s H2O quality is reasonably high in comparing to other Areas of Concern. Through legion trials, it has shown that the country has been bettering. Different H2O quality indexes are used to find the habitableness of the H2O. Indexes include pH graduated table, Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature, and Per Cent Light Transmission. Recent trials show Peninsula Harbour degrees vibrating about 7.9 pH to 8.1 pH. To happen the pH degree for the H2O, a litmus trial is done, the more bluish the more basic it is. If the consequence is ruddy, the H2O is acidic. Another illustration the sum of Dissolved Oxygen, in which the Winkler Test is used. The sum of Dissolved Oxygen shows how much organisms the H2O can keep, which can be placed with the Biological Oxygen Demand to state the current conditions of the H2O. Temperature is a real ly good trial of H2O quality because some species of fish and aquatic workss can merely populate under certain conditions. Temperature is found utilizing a thermometer. Per Cent Light Transmission is a step of how cloudy the H2O is, or how clear it is from deposit. A visible radiation is brassy upon the surface and a step of how much is reflected consequences in the per centum. Peninsula Harbour has a really high mark on this trial, intending that the H2O is really clean in most topographic points. The salt, a step of the salt in the H2O, and the phosphate degree, how much phosphate is in the H2O, is both found by making trials in the H2O. B ) Description of the types of chemical pollutants and contaminations impacting the country Many different pollutants affect Peninsula Harbour and its ecosystem. Chemical pollutants include toxic chemicals like quicksilver and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) . Mercury is a extremely toxicant chemical that accumulates in the fish and shellfish that live in the Peninsula Harbour. Because of bioamplification, the quicksilver gathered in the early trophic degrees become more concentrated as the nutrient concatenation goes up. PCBs are carcinogenic compounds which have been known to do serious harm to the organic structure. PCBs were outstanding in many different public-service corporations before they were declared insecure. Many of them were dumped into rivers and lakes without 2nd idea. When animate beings come in contact with PCBs, they face serious heath effects like liver harm and anaemia. They besides lower the immune system, doing fishes and shellfishes to decease much Oklahoman. There are besides tonss of physical contaminations in Peninsula Harbour. They include signifiers like wood fiber and silt. Physical contaminations increase the turbidness of the H2O. Turbidity is the step of the quality of the H2O, or how clean it is. Besides, physical contaminations pollute deposit with unusual signifiers of land bed which w orkss need to turn upon. When tonss of them are placed together, they besides destroy old fish communities. degree Celsius ) Major industries in the country that are subscribers to the pollution in your country. As antecedently mentioned, the metropolis has been based upon natural resource extraction since its creative activity. The first company in which Marathon was named upon was the Marathon Corporation of Wisconsin. It was a pulp-mill, which relied on different natural resources around Marathon like forestry. The pulping procedure used different chemicals to make the finished merchandise. Besides, remnant merchandises and fresh points like wood fiber were besides created in the procedure. Because of deficiency of environmental cognition, most of those points were dumped into Lake Superior. The consequence was the slow degrading point of the dirt environment. Another industry, gold excavation, besides produced pollution into Peninsula Harbour. Gold excavation uses chemicals to t ake away the gold ore from the pure concentrated gold. These chemicals were neglected and slipped into the waterways during spring-runoff. The chemicals affect the works and the H2O life around Peninsula Harbour. The ore was besides dumped in and around the country, taking infinite for workss to turn. Besides, the extraction procedure exudes a big sum of C dioxide ( CO2 ) which amendss the local environment. These industries are really of import to the town because it is the major employer in the country. Many service-sector occupations are connected to this primary occupation calling. These types of towns built upon logging and excavation industries are really fluid throughout the full Canada. Many metropoliss are built upon logging cantonments and excavation companies. IV. Physicss a ) Describe and supply illustrations of the types of transit in and around your AOC The Peninsula Harbour is a beltway between Southern Ontario and Western Ontario. It besides serves as a beltway between different parts of the Lake Superior traffic. Incoming ships from the other Great Lakes to Thunder Bay and Western United States go through the Soo Locks, a series of canals that bypass St. Mary s River, where there is rapids. Therefore, transportation is besides a manner of transit in Peninsula Harbour. Ships are able to travel across to the United States or every bit far as the Atlantic Ocean through different locks and the Great Lakes. Besides, Marathon is located really near to the Trans-Canada Highway 17, the route which spans the Pacific to Atlantic Ocean. The Highway 17 is interjected by the Peninsula Road, once called Highway 626. It leads from Highway 17 to Marathon, for about 2 kilometres. Marathon is besides beside the Canadian Pacific Railway, which is near to the town. Last, the metropolis is besides served by a little airdrome called the Marathon Airport. The airdrome serves the community and the industries when executives fly in and out of the part. V. Weather Date Temperature Pressure Precipitation December 7, 2008 20 Â °C 102.46 kPa Light Snow December 8, 2008 8 Â °C 102.20 kPa None December 9, 2008 18 Â °C 100.85 kPa Light Snow December 10, 2008 -10 Â °C 101.03 kPA Light Snow December 11, 2008 16 Â °C 101.65 kPA Isolated Bustles December 12, 2008 11 Â °C 101.44 kPa Light Snow December 13, 2008 13 Â °C 101. 08 kPA None a ) Create a chart that tracks weather forms in your country for 7 yearss B ) Describe how the lake affects the clime of the country. Peninsula Harbour sits on the 3rd largest lake in the universe by surface country. Therefore, Lake Superior has a monolithic consequence on the clime of the country. Because of the lake, the metropolis, Marathon, and the Area of Concern in Peninsula Harbour is greatly affected by the H2O. The H2O increases precipitation for the country because of vaporization and condensation. Bustles and snowfalls coupled with rain, happens more than other metropoliss north of the country. Besides, the lake causes the clime of the part to be really humid and the force per unit area, really high. It is because of the warm air trapped in the summer as the H2O evaporates. In the winter, tonss of snow is expected and the temperature is really cold. The lake besides provides a moderating consequence for the H2O. Water, because of its heat capacity, shops heat and lets off heat much less than the land around it. That means that the temperature of the part is stable, compared to parts without H2O. VI. Bibliography Aquatic Invasive Species ( AIS ) . 25 Nov. 2008. University of Minnesota. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.seagrant.umn.edu/ais/ gt ; . Clark, Bruce, John K. Wallace, and Kim Earle. Making Connections: Canada s Geography. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education Canada, 2006. The Fish of Lake Superior. Fish of Lake Superior/Fish of the Great Lakes by Wisconsin Sea Grant. 11 Feb. 2002. University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.seagrant.wisc.edu/greatlakesfish/lakesupfishindex.html gt ; . Marsden, John. Lake Superior. 2002. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epa.gov/solec/solec_2002/presentations/lake_superior_ ( marsden ) .pdf gt ; . Marsh Bird and Amphibious Communities in the. 2006. Bird Studies Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bsc-eoc.org/download/mmp-aoc % 20peninsula % 20harbour.pdf gt ; . 1994 Lake Superior Water Quality Vertical Profile. 25 May 1997. Environmental Protection Agency. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epa.gov/emap/html/data/greatlak/data/sup94/water/lsctd94.txt gt ; . Parks Canada Lake Superior. Arks Canada Lake Superior. 17 Nov. 2006. Parks Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pc.gc.ca/progs/amnc-nmca/systemplan/itm4-/gla2_e.asp gt ; . Peninsula Harbour Area of Concern. Canadian Remedial Action Plans Peninsula Harbour Area of Concern. 24 Feb. 2008. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ec.gc.ca/raps-pas/default.asp? lang=en A ; n=fd4765b0-1 gt ; . Ritter, Robert J. Nelson Science 9. Upper Saddle River: Nelson Education Limited, 1995. Schloesser, Donald W. Current Lake Superior Conditions. GLIN Current Lake Superior Conditions. 17 Sept. 2008. Great Lakes Information Network. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.great-lakes.net/conditions/superior.html gt ; . Schloesser, Donald W. In troduction. Introduction. Jan. 1986. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mlswa.org/underwaterplantguide/introduction.htm gt ; . The State of Lake Superior in 2000. July 2002. Great Lakes Fishery Commission. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.glfc.org/pubs/specialpubs/sp07_2.pdf gt ; . State of the Great Lakes 2005. 2005. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //binational.net/solec/english/solec % 202004/indicator % 20summary % 20series/lake % 20superior % 20- % 20tagged.pdf gt ; . Weather Prognosis: Marathon, Ontario. Weather Forecast: Marathon, Ontario The Weather Network. 13 Dec. 2008. Weather Network. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.theweathernetwork.com/weather/caon0407 gt ; .

The changing nature of advertising from traditional print and Research Paper

The changing nature of advertising from traditional print and broadcast to interactive and web based - Research Paper Example This essay "The changing nature of advertising from traditional print and broadcast to interactive and web based" how advertisement is presented in various types of media, how it changed and how the advent of the Internet affected it. Traditional mass media involve advertising through the newspaper, books, magazines, radio and television. This type of advertising is one- to- many type of communication that does not allow direct feedback from the audiences. For instance when people read the magazines or turn on the television ,there is no way to directly respond to advertisements unless they write to or call the company themselves but this way they will be using another form of advertising. Radio advertising cost is very attractive advertising vehicle for many small business owners. Radio advertising has a wide scale appeal to consumers and it reaches thousand of target audience at the right time and right message. However, radio was primarily an entertainment medium and advertising is considered an interruption. This has resulted in an industry called satellite which provides entertainment without commercials because consumers are willing to pay for them. With the emergence of satellite radios the popularity of radio advertising is slowly decreasing. Radios have also evolved into entertainment source for background noise at work and for primarily driving. At homes, there has been a drop in radio use because people can play their CDs where they have the freedom to choose their music and programmes free of commercial interruption. This has led to low popularity in radio advertising. Television Advertising Television is a form of entertainment that brings the family together to enjoy public amusement without leaving home. Research has shown that an average person spends more time with the television than with newspaper and radio combined. This shows that television has a very huge audience making it the most powerful advertising choice for many manufacturers and retailers. This has been so for a very long time but all the same the television advertising is slowly dying. The television audience has been fragmented into few local channels where major companies would choose their advertiser but with the introduction of cable and satellite television the audience has further been fragmented into over 200 channels. This fragmentation has led to dramatic reduction of audience in the local channels. Television advertising has limited lifespan for any advertisement this makes the advertisers to not do their advertising on television because once the advertisement has aired its gone for good hence a viewer may not remember the advertisement after all. The television audience as well has a way of avoiding commercial interruption because there has been an introduction of TIVO, pay per view, public broadcasting stations and the multitude of satellite. This has seen a great number of audiences paying for those services because they are avoiding the commercial interruptions (Stafford, & Ronald, 2001,65). At homes, families are opting to watch a common movie as a form of entertainment since they are free of interruption. Although television advertising has decreased for the small business for the big businesses it is now possible to make world -wide advertisement this show that television advertisement has developed and has is yielding more benefits for

Air pollution in china Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Air pollution in china - Essay Example Indeed, the poor air quality threatens the power of the Chinese Communist Party which derives its authority from its social contract for providing better quality life to the people. The increase in both indoor and outdoor air pollution in China due to rapid industrialization, urbanization and economic growth adversely affects its people’s healthy, ecology and economy, thus the adoption of critical measures to curb the problem. The contributing factor to China’s air pollution is its rapid economic growth, urbanization and industrialization. He, Huo, and Zhang observe the proportion of China’s urban to total population grew from 18% to 31% between 1978 and 1999, this being three times the world’s average during the same period (398). The use of coal as a source of energy has been the main source of anthropogenic air pollution. Even so, Zhang and Smith observe that 60% of the population still lives in rural areas (848). This population uses biomass, which mainly includes crop residues and wood, in simple stoves. Thus, while the urban population heavily depends on coal for energy, the rural population depends on biomass. As such, China faces the problem of both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Despite the improvement in environmental protection requirements that have improved China’s air quality in the past decade as observed by Liu et al., the issue still remains a critical chall enge (281). SO2 and total suspended particulates, TSP, still remain ten times more concentrated in China’s air than recommended by the World Health Organization. Thus, it would be beneficial to understand the sources of this. The indoor air pollution in China is attributed to the rural population’s reliance on biomass as the source of household energy. Zhang and Smith observe that 80% of the energy that the rural households consumed in 2003 was from biomass, that is mainly wood and crop residues

Black Nationalism Essay Example for Free

Black Nationalism Essay

Thoughts on Jack Finneys Novel Time and Again :: essays research papers

Time and Again A novel by Jack Finney Despite the fact Time and Again is fictional, it makes one wistful, thinking of how incredible it would be to be in Simon Morley’s place. To be able to see the world exactly as if a day had not passed in the time of 1882, to converse, to touch, to just breathe the air of the past – is merely dreaming. Author Jack Finney describes how such a thing would come to pass – travelling back in time – and for a moment or more, I could believe every word. However far-fetched or seemingly plausible the novel was, it was told brilliantly, and the sketches helped one immerse themselves more and more into the tale. The novel had the similar effect of Dan Brown’s novels (The Da Vinci Code, Angels & Demons, Deception Point) with meticulous research and facts, coupled with smart and abstract characters, and a theory or two, making for a convincing novel. But unlike Dan Brown’s novels, told with much suspense, heroism, and a distinctive hard-edged writing style, Time and Again was spun enthrallingly, but with a softer side, in the way character Simon Morley addressed the reader, almost in a conversational way. At some point in the story, most major characters had a moment where I felt as if it was truly summing up the character or their feelings, a moment where I truly felt as if I was seeing a depth in the character that was unknown before. Such as Jake Pickering, Julia Huff’s supposed husband-to-be, and his very unanticipated tattooing of JULIA across his chest – in defiance of Simon’s interference and his assertion of ‘owning’ Julia and her love, a very desperate act by a desperate man. Julia herself had many of these defining moments, but what I felt to be the most striking was her initial reaction the present as Simon took her back into his time. Julia’s alien-like wonder at such things as television, and the shortness the skirt Simon bought for her (knee-high). But it is how easily Julia adjusts to the newness all around her, and her innocence and horror at the violence we tolerate that truly made it a very prominent scene. It was a moment to reflect upon how we (North America especially) so easily accept the violence around us. As for Simon, he had many moments with much depth as well, but I found myself feeling very compassionate towards him when he returned back to 1882 for around the third or fourth time.

Functional Areas of Business Essay

Analyzing the functional areas of Management In all types of businesses (big or small), managers play a key role in the efficiency, profitability, and functionality of how the business meets its goals and successes. The purpose of managers are to oversee and coordinate the work of others. As managers, it is important that ensure that the business’ greatest resource, which are its employees, are used effectively. There are several functional areas within business that managers play a role in one way or another. These functional areas are business law, human resource management, leadership, accounting, finance, economics, research and statistics, marketing, operations management, and strategic management. Each of these functional areas are like a piece of the pie, in where when they are assembled, represent the business as a whole cohesive unit. In business law, the manager ensures that the operations of a business are legally sound and that the business is compliant with any state, federal, or international codes and regulations. Many businesses use the services or products of other businesses, which requires the use of contracts. Managers must have an understanding of contracts to ensure they are current, fair, and meet the needs of the company. Managers also use business law to ensure all intellectual property is safeguarded such as patents. Human resources management is a key function in all businesses because it directly involves the development of personnel within a business. All managers play a role in the life cycle of their employees to include hiring, training, promotion, and disciplinary actions. The role of human resources managers is constantly evolving and many organizat ions have added the responsibilities of retirement benefits, and payroll accounting to their scope of practices. The leadership of managers involves the way in which managers influence employees to meet the company’s goals. Managers use leadership to motivate and inspire their employees to get the job done, and done well. Managers who are good leaders can to use their leadership skills to handle and  resolve conflict that may arise, and solicit cooperation through organizational change. Management and leadership are skills that go hand in hand. As a manager, one must organize the work of personnel not just to maximize efficiency, but lead them by nurturing skills to develop talent and inspire results (Murray, 2009). Accounting is a critical function in management. Whether a for profit business or nonprofit business, both need and use money to survive and succeed. It is important that managers understand the fiscal competencies within their area of responsibility to be good stewards of the funds or profits they are accountable for. There are two components to accounting financial and managerial. Managers in financial accounting create financial documents, such as balance sheets and income statements through the tracking of expenses and profits within a business. Managers in managerial accounting use these statements created by financial managers to in their decision-making processes to make efficient use of funds and control costs. Finance is a function of business that concentrates on the fiscal properties of a business, such as revenue, loans, grants, and subsidies. Like accounting, finance is critical to any business if it wants to succeed in a competitive business word. Managers must be able to identify how and when financing is needed to maintain current business operations as well as obtaining new capital or ventures. The function of economics in business provides an avenue of how well a business is doing in the business market locally or globally. Managers use economics to increase profits within their market conditions by studying the consumption, production, and distribution of their service or product. Economics can also provide valuable information to managers when economies become unstable or are experiencing a recession, or when seeking to venture into a new market. Research and statistics are valuable resources for a business. To stay competitive and profitable, businesses continually must conduct research to meet consumer demand. Research is also vital for a business who wants to expand its services or products. The raw data gathered from the research can be interpreted using a variety of statistical methods. The information extracted from the research and statistical data assist managers in deciding what business processes are useful and maintaining goals, and what processes may need to be modified or dismissed. The manager’s role in operations management is to ensure that the goods or  service are getting to the customer efficiently and cost effectively. It is important the supply chain runs effortlessly to meet the customer demand changes. Managers must also be able to anticipate and forecast demand changes in profits to determine when new equipment or facilities are necessary to maintain or increase profits and customer satisfaction. All businesses use some type of marketing tool to grow their business. It can be a million dollar television add or word of mouth from recent customers. In marketing, managers must understand customers who would use their product or service and what would make them happy enough to come back or tell someone else. Through research and statistics, managers can gain insight into how to advertise to their consumer bases and discover what their consumer’s needs are. Marketing can also assist managers of new businesses to develop a brand and image th at is eye catching but relevant to the goods or service it provides. Strategic planning is a manager’s planning tool to help implement plans and changes that will help the business achieve its organizational goals. Strategic planning provides a roadmap for managers throughout the organization so that all functional areas though specific in responsibilities, can achieve success to obtaining the strategic goals of the organization. The link between planning and performance is widely connected because of the ever-changing business climate in globalization, technology advancement, deregulation, and emerging new markets (Meers & Robertson, 2007). Each functional area of business is considered a building block with a specific purpose or specialty that it is accountable for. When those building blocks are formed together, they provide the foundation and structure upon which the business operates as an entity. Managers are the â€Å"glue† that bind each of these functional areas into an integrated seamless structure. References Meers, K. A., & Robertson, C. (2007). Strategic planning practices in profitable small firms in the United States. The Business Review, Cambridge, 7(1), 302-307. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/197300272?accountid=458 Murray, A. (2009, April 7). What is the difference between management and leadership. Retrieved from

Controversy Over Legislations Passed in the wake of the...

The government of the United States takes the security of its Citizens very serious and this explains why security of USA Citizens home and abroad is their first line of duty. In the wake of 9/11 terrorism attack, the citizens were left questioning whether indeed the government was doing enough to protect them. On the same note, the Bush administration was shaken to the core that terrorist could advance that much into their soil. This formed the basis of various legislations and formation of special units with special powers to fight terrorism in and out of USA. However, some of these laws have brewed controversy among the Citizens it is supposed to protect. Some civil rights groups and liberal lawmakers are questioning the ability of these laws to be applied without hurting the Americans it is supposed to protect. The Patriot Act is such laws, which is causing discomfort among the liberal citizens and lawmakers and civil rights groups. They content that some of the provisions of the surveillance laws are open to abuse by intelligence bodies. It is against this background that they have put up fight against extension of some clauses, which are supposed to expire. They claim that these provisions have already been abused by federal bureau of investigations to confiscate personal information such as bank statements and credit card information. The provisions of patriot Act grant law enforcement and intelligence bodies powers in the following ways (Doyle Library ofShow MoreRelatedThe Patriot Act Is A Sweeping Piece Of Legislation1840 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract The Patriot Act is a sweeping piece of legislation. Created in the wake of 9/11; it remains controversial. Opinions on the necessity of the Act are intense and vary widely. A better understanding of its applicability, strengths, and weaknesses will aid future opinion and legislation. The Patriot Act affects all citizens, immigrants, and especially minority groups. 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